riverc0il":3bukebpm said:
Don't mean to hyjack the thread, but I thought the characterization of Vermont politics somewhat unfair. There are a lot of transplants elected but they are on both sides and the bigger battle is not transplant versus native born in politics but rather city versus country, preservation versus development, or in Searls terms... Uphill versus Downhill.
Re: NH vs. VT politics/culture/policy/development
$0.02
I think one of the key differences between NH and VT is in the above mentioned areas. To even simplify more, contrast the "Live Free or Die" vs. "Act 250" ethos that categorize these states - NH vs. VT.
I know NH resembles a lot of Western state attitudes with low (no) tax, conservative/libertarian streak vs. VT with a progressive planning for the greater good.
I think VT's Act 250 has a lot to with the -modern- difference between the 2 states.
At Dartmouth, I was able to take a few classes with the key author of Act 250 - Jonathan Brownell. And I just thought I would give some understanding - since there appears to be some audience for it.
Act 250 History-Why?
Executive Summary: Shit/effluent flowing down the sides of the Mt. Snow Valley - west side in the late 1960s. And the town could not afford to clean it up easily.
Long (extracted from Internet): The Vermont Land Development was a group of New Jersey investors who purchased large areas of property around the Mount Snow Ski Area. They correctly surmised that Dover was ripe for real estate speculation because the township had no zoning or planning laws and there were no state regulations regarding real estate development projects. It was a financial opportunity too good to pass up. Their greed transformed their original objective into fraudulent land sales that involved phony survey maps, intentionally confusing boundary lines, false septic system perk tests, and in some instances selling the same building lots to different buyers who would sue each other for legal title resulting in mortgage chaos between banks. Fueling their real estate confusion was VLDC’s aggressive advertising campaign throughout Connecticut, New Jersey and New York City that convinced the urban gullible to purchase land in the tiny idyllic state of Vermont before it was no longer available. The end result was a get rich quick scheme with frenzied out-of-state buyers engaging in bidding wars, flipping properties, and paying virtually no capital gains taxes.
In other words, Act 250 was supposed to be a development policy for the citizens of Vermont and allow town hall meetings to govern state growth.
In 1970, the Vermont legislature passed Act 250, known as the Land Use and Development Act. Development pressures creating community concerns including road congestion, increased environmental problems, burden on local services, and rising taxes. Governor Deane C. Davis (Republican) appointed a study commission in 1969 to develop a statewide law to address these concerns, as no environmental regulations or land-use controls existed.
The law created nine District Environmental Commissions to review large-scale development projects using 10 criteria that are designed to safeguard the environment, community life, and aesthetic character of the state. They have the power to issue or deny a permit to real estate developers for any project that encompasses more than 10 acres (40,000 m²), or more than 1 acre (4,000 m²) for towns that do not have permanent zoning and subdivision bylaws. The law also applies to any development project with more than 10 housing units or housing lots; and may also apply for construction proposed above 2,500 feet of elevation. Act 250 also created the Vermont Environmental Board to review appeals coming from District Commission rulings.
[edit] Ten Criteria
The 10 Criteria are as follows:
1. Will not result in undue water or air pollution.Included are the following considerations: (A) Headwaters; (B) Waste disposal (including wastewater and stormwater); (C) Water Conservation; (D) Floodways; (E) Streams; (F) Shorelines; and (G) Wetlands.
2. Has sufficient water available for the needs of the subdivision or development.
3. Will not unreasonably burden any existing water supply.
4. Will not cause unreasonable soil erosion or affect the capacity of the land to hold water.
5. Will not cause unreasonably dangerous or congested conditions with respect to highways or other means of transportation.
6. Will not create an unreasonable burden on the educational facilities of the municipality.
7. Will not create an unreasonable burden on the municipality in providing governmental services.
8. Will not have an undue adverse effect on aesthetics, scenic beauty, historic sites or natural areas, and 8(A) will not imperil necessary wildlife habitat or endangered species in the immediate area.
9. Conforms with the Capability and Development Plan which includes the following considerations: (A) The impact the project will have on the growth of the town or region: (B) Primary agricultural soils; (C) Productive forest soils; (D) Earth resources; (E) Extraction of earth resources; (F) Energy conservation; (G) Private utility services; (H) Costs of scattered developments; (J) Public utility services; (K) Development affecting public investments; and (L) Rural growth areas.
10. Is in conformance with any local or regional plan or capital facilities program.
However, there are a lot of laments about the law. It was viewed as a community process where regular citizens should be involved.
“In writing the law, what we did not anticipate was the involvement of lawyers in the Act 250 process. We wanted the process to be a citizen forum. The legal profession has transformed the citizen input mechanism into an adversarial proceeding. Unfortunately, the confrontational attitude by attorneys during Act 250 hearings has now filtered down into the local planning and permitting process as well. As a result, Act 250 has evolved into a contentious debate pitting residents against each other fighting over property rights. The involvement of lawyers during the citizen hearings distorted the original intent of Act 250 which, as an attorney, I (Brownell) deeply regret.”
This Act 250 is a Republican lawyer (Brownell) with a Republican governor (Davis) - both trying to do effective public policy. This is the same year Nixon was signing the Endangered Species Act. It has changed the growth of each state - NH or VT.
I think Act 250 was a noble try, and VT fared much better than NH in the 1990 Recession. Vermont does need to think about future growth.